Japanese Gate Typology (21)

This is a series of posts describing the many varieties of Japanese gate, or mon (門). If you look at the preceding kanji more closely,  you can think of it as a picture of a pair of swinging doors, reminiscent of saloon doors in a wild west movie. I thought that it would be a nice idea to bring more awareness to a western audience as to the tremendous diversity in forms and types of Japanese gates. This series intends to be a gateway to gates.


Previous posts in this series:

1. Heijūmon 
2. Kabukimon 
3. Kōraimon 
4. Yakuimon 
5. Yotsu-ashimon 
6. Munamon 
7. Commentary
8. Uzumimon 
9. Yaguramon 
10. Rōmon
11. Shōrōmon
12. Taikomon
13. Nijūmon
14. Sanmon 
15. Niōmon 
16. Nitenmon
17. Sōmon 
18. Wakimon 
19. Chokushimon
20. Onarimon

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Tansōmon (単層門)

The word tansō (単層) refers to such things as geological strata, layers, laminae, and, by extension, social class. A tansōmon is a layer of sorts too: it is an eight-legged gate (hyakkyaku-mon) which lacks a second story altogether - it is but a simple, single layer version of the eight-legged gate. This form of gate associates primarily with shrines, not temples. Ordinary shines are called jinja (神社).

Let's start with an example from Ehara Sengen Jinja (江原浅間神社) in Yamagata Prefecture:

No niō to be found here:

Umi Jinja (宇美神社) in Niigata Prefecture:

Next, in Yamanashi City, Yamanashi Prefecture, there is  Nakamaki Jinja (中牧神社):

 
A peek through the gate to see the honden, or main shrine building:

Time for some color! Kandaten Jinja (菅田天神社) in Kōshō City (甲州市) - also located in Yamanashi Prefecture, and erected in 842:

Nice examples of the tasoya type of shrine lantern, with the more complex type of window lattice involving radiating verticals.

And a view looking through the opening of the gate to the precinct beyond:

Since these gates appear at shrines, it it not uncommon to see them decorated with a large braided straw rope, or shimenawa. Here's the tansōmon at Igata-ke Jinja (伊賀多気神社) in Shimane Prefecture:

A shimenawa also graces the entry of the honden:
 

All for today - I could show many more examples of this gate, however the form is fairly consistent from gate to gate so there seems like little point in simply showing more examples. This series continues - thanks for coming by the Carpentry Way. On to post 22